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Different types of boundary conditions in fluid dynamics
The most integral part of any Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problem is the definition of its boundary conditions. Therefore, it is required that the user understands and uses the boundary conditions correctly, wisely and effectively and also understands its role in the numerical algorithm. If the boundary conditions are not specified correctly, then the solution might result in blunders and if they are not utilized wisely, then the problem solving time may increase manifold. Transient problems require one more thing i.e., initial conditions where initial values of flow variables are specified at nodes in the flow domain.〔Versteeg. ''An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics The Finite Volume Method, 2/e''. Longman Scientific & Technical; 1995. ISBN 0-582-21884-5. Chapter 9. p. 192.〕 Various types of boundary conditions are used in CFD for different conditions and purposes and are discussed as follows.
==Inlet boundary conditions ==
In inlet boundary conditions, the distribution of all flow variables needs to be specified at inlet boundaries mainly flow velocity.〔Versteeg. ''An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics The Finite Volume Method, 2/e''. Longman Scientific & Technical; 1995. ISBN 0-582-21884-5. Chapter 9. p. 194.〕 This type of boundary conditions is common and specified mostly where inlet flow velocity is known.
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